Lohardaga district (established after separation from Ranchi in the year 1983) in Jharkhand is situated between 84⁰40' - 84⁰50' east longitude and 23⁰30'  - 23⁰40’ north latitude. The geographical area of the district is 1491 square kilometers. There are 5 development blocks (viz. Lohardaga, Kuru, Bhandra, Senha & Kisko) & 354 revenue villages. Total number of household are 50,374 out of which 91% are in the rural areas (1991 census).

In 2001, Lohardaga had a total population of 3.64 lakh (population density of 244 per square kilometer), growing 26.14% since 1991, which is higher than the population growth rate of Jharkhand at 23.19%. Sex ratio in Lohardaga improved from 971 to 976 over these years and literacy improved from 41% to 54%. Female literacy grew from 26% to 40%.

 The net sown area is only 55% of the total area of the district. Two blocks i.e. Kisko & Senha have large area under dense forest cover. The forest cover is around 32-35% of the total area of the district. The average land holding per household is 1.65 Ha. The per capita agriculture land is around 0.28 Ha.  Net irrigated area is 13.4% of net sown area (0.8% by canals, 7% by wells, 2% by tanks & 3.6% by lift irrigation & others).

Most of the villages except the hilly pockets of the district are connected with the roads. Still some of the hamlets have no linking roads. Electricity is supplied from Patratu Thermal Power Station that is in the Hazaribagh district. Out of 354 villages only 25 have rural electrification. Water supply system is not available in rural area. The villagers get their drinking water from tube wells and dug wells.

There are 318 primary schools, 68 middle schools, 20 High schools, 2 higher secondary schools and one college in the district. In this district, there is a district hospital, one referral hospital, five primary health sub-centre, ten additional primary health centre, seventy three health sub-centre.

The inhabitants of this district mainly depend on agriculture, forest produce and seasonal migration to different parts of the country. 80% of the population depends upon agriculture. The main crop of this area is paddy. In the small irrigated area wheat is grown to meet the annual food sufficiency. Also this district is linked with larger vegetable markets like Jamshedpur, Rourkela and Calcutta. There is a cold storage in the district. But profitable vegetable cultivation is being limited to roadside non- tribal. Generally, villagers of the district keep plough animals. Also they keep goats and poultry birds as buffer. Although there is a dairy chilling plant in the district head quarter, dairy is practised by very few people mainly non-tribal.